The provision of safe water and sanitation services remain a major challenge in developing countries and is the basis for so many development goals. Because allocation of water resources affects so many aspects of human life and ecosystems, water resources management must integrate all water-use sectors, scales of governance, spatial boundaries and temporal scales. Many current and past water problems stem from the use of single-issue and/or single-sector approaches. The desired results of Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) are ample freshwater for 1) the multiple sectors of human use and development (domestic, agricultural, industrial, etc.), 2) in-stream needs for ecosystem processes and biodiversity conservation, and 3) the needs of upstream and downstream human communities and ecosystems, including coastal zones. The basic goal is to manage the human and environmental elements of IWRM to ensure that abundant quantities of sufficiently clean fresh water are available in the correct place and the correct time.